Pediatric Collections: Social Determinants of Health: Part 1: Underserved Communities Doody's Expert Review Review Questionnaire ISBN: 9781610026345 ISBN-10: 1610026349 Copyright: 2022 Edition: 1st Author: AAP, Doody's Expert Review    Score: 100 Doody's Star Rating™ and Doody's Expert Review provide by Doody Enterprises, Inc. Reviewer: Ellyn Cavanagh,  PhD, MN,BSN  (Tender Care Pediatric Services, Inc.) Description This is the first book in a series of three published by the American Academy of Pediatrics in 2022. The series is entitled Pediatric Collections: Social Determinants of Health. The first book provides comprehensive background on underserved communities focused on the barriers faced at the individual, organizational, and societal levels. Social determinants of health (SDoH) are conditions in the places people are born, grow, live, learn, work, and age, which affect health outcomes (p. 3). Children born to immigrant families, children in foster care, household poverty, and gender diversity are some of the major categories contributing to health disparities. Child poverty is greater in the United States than most countries with comparable resources and remains a root cause of child health inequity. The majority of the 16 articles in this first book provide pediatricians with evidence-based research and targeted populations to reach in clinical practice. High-risk groups such as American Indian and Alaska Native children, foster children, Latinx families, and transgender youth require high-quality, focused attention to encourage resilience and prevent disability. This book identifies the highest priority populations and, most importantly, how to practice with cultural humility and cultural safety. The best quote is from Andrea Green, MDCM, "having health care does not give someone health" (p. 3). Today's pediatric providers must have knowledge and respect for the social environment surrounding the child. There are sobering statistics throughout the book: poverty affects approximately two out of five children; 20-40% of teens who are homeless identify as LGBTQ; African American youth involved in the child welfare system are up to 13 times more likely to be involved in the juvenile justice system compared to white fostered youth; the prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) among foster children is estimated to be 16.9%; American Indian/Alaska Native children have the highest rates of tooth decay (five times that of average U.S.). This information should alert community-based pediatric medical homes to create care plans to mitigate adverse effects on the developing child and his/her family. Purpose The purpose is to educate pediatricians, family practice physicians, nurse practitioners, and allied health partners in community-based practices about the scope of the social determinants of health (SDoH) and how best to go about screening for them on a day-to-day basis for a population of newborns to adolescents. This goal is focused on underserved populations who suffer the consequences of poverty, such as communities of color, immigrant children and families, gender diverse children, and children with special health care needs. The objectives are met through updated research and current policy recommendations. There are three policy statements: Poverty and Child Health in the United States (2016); Providing Care for Children in Immigrant Families (2019); and Caring for American Indian and Alaska Native Children and Adolescents (2021). The remaining content covers runaway youth, gender diverse youth, adoption, foster and kinship care, and Latinx, Asian American, and Pacific Islander children and youth. The book meets all objectives and brings to light contemporary issues post COVID-19 pandemic. Audience The book is written for practitioners involved with maternal-child care in the healthcare setting, specifically low-income family healthcare centers in communities with higher rates of poverty, tribal health, juvenile justice settings (such as detention) and any setting serving refugee or immigrant populations. The book is the first of three published by the American Academy of Pediatrics; however, it is relevant to family practitioners, advanced nurse practitioners, and social workers and is written at a graduate level. It meets the needs of the above groups as it provides clinical insight about how to recognize and screen for SDoH, and suggestions about how to advocate for the children/youth and mitigate the adverse effects. All authors are credible and have invested years of research in their subject areas. All articles have been peer reviewed and accepted for publication. Features The book covers the basics of the social determinants of health and rationale for making the screening, measurement, and mitigation essential interventions in a pediatric practice. With the twin factors of childhood poverty with two out of five children living below the federal poverty level, and immigration with 3% children foreign born and 25% living in immigrant families, the community pediatric practice will be responsible for hands-on care and advocacy for these children today and their welfare going forward. In addition, there are subgroups of children who are victims of both poverty and possibly immigration and develop additional social disadvantages including foster care, gender questioning, and running away. The book covers the disadvantaged and underserved pediatric population and how best to recognize, relate to, and develop a plan of care to preserve and protect their resilience. There are unique features helpful in practical clinical day-to-day decision-making. The first is Table 2 on page 27, Developmental Tasks and Issues Specific to Adopted and Foster Children. The second is Table 2 on page 56, Questions to Elicit the Patient Explanatory Model. The best aspects of this book are the chapters on Adoption, Foster and Kinship Care, Providing Care for Immigrant Families, and Runaway Youth. There are two articles, one on Climate Change as a Social Determinant and the other on The Future of Inpatient Community Hospital Care (for pediatrics). Each posits future problems without specific recommendations. Both are enlightening and require follow-up as they highlight opportunities for public policy advocacy. Assessment This book is informative, clinically relevant, and written to encourage both practice and policy changes. The American Academy of Pediatrics has used the leadership role to develop this series of peer-reviewed publications to advocate for high-quality pediatric care. This means addressing childhood poverty as the number one factor in the social determinants of health and shedding light on strategies to improve care regardless of social class, personal history, or cultural, spiritual, gender, racial, or ethnic identity. There are three policy statements (Poverty, Immigration Care, American Indian/Alaska Native Care) and each provides readers with an understanding of the issues, relevant statistics, and practice-level recommendations. These provide core knowledge and a foundation. The authors do not shy away from the political problems impacting child health such as IHS being chronically underfunded and the January 2017 restrictive immigration executive actions. There is not another book to compare with the AAP series. Review Questionnaire Range Question Score 1-10 Are the author's objectives met? 10 1-10 Rate the worthiness of those objectives. 10 1-5 Is this written at an appropriate level? 5 1-5 Is there significant duplication? (1=significant, 5=insignificant) 5 1-5 Are there significant omissions? (1=significant, 5=insignificant) 5 1-5 Rate the authority of the authors. 5 1-5 Are there sufficient illustrations? N/A 1-5 Rate the pedagogic value of the illustrations. N/A 1-5 Rate the print quality of the illustrations. N/A 1-5 Are there sufficient references? 5 1-5 Rate the currency of the references. 5 1-5 Rate the pertinence of the references. 5 1-5 Rate the helpfulness of the index. 5 1-5 If important in this specialty, rate the physical appearance of the book N/A 1-10 Is this a worthwhile contribution to the field? 10 1-10 If this is a 2nd or later edition, is this new edition needed? N/A ©2024 Doody Enterprises, Inc.